Brazil
ASM Population: 850,000
Although based on statistic modelling, data from UBC-14 appear the most relistic. Rounded to closest 50,000. → 850,000
As other data differ widely, uncertainty is high and variation is estimated high at 25% (+/- 200,000)
Female participation: Perhaps less direct participation in garimpos, but regular in gemstones. Guess 15%: 130,000 (?)
Gold: Best guess is that 2/3 are gold miners: 600,000. The rest might be gemstone miners (especially in Minas Gerais!) and diamond
Data sources for estimation
2014: 861,000
(UBC-14): Gold-only data produced by statistic modelling:
Expected ASM population: 862,000 Estimated ASM gold production: 21 - 64.9 t/a
2014: 75,200
(SPDA-14): 75,200
Data apparently for gold only. Quote: “Recientemente en un Informe Técnico -Perfil del Oro (2009) MME-, los números apuntan a cerca de 75 mil en la Amazonía.“
Tapajós:35,000 Sul do Pará: 15,500 Norte do Mato Grosso: 12,000 Amapá: 5,000 Rondonia: 3,000 Roraima: 1,500 Gurupi: 1,200 Amazonas: 1,000 Goias: 1,000
2013: 10,000
(IIED-13): 10,000
2003: 10,000
(MMSD-03): Estimate for MMSD research country: 10,000
MMSD data by CETEM (http://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G00715.pdf)
1999: 5,800
(ILO-99): Employment: 100,000 - 200,000
Number of mines: 10,000
Illegal mines: +/- 90%
| Reference | Year | Citation | Archived Copy | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARM-18 | 2018 | Barreto, M.L.,Schein, P., Hinton, J., Hruschka, F. (2018): The Impact of Small-Scale Mining Operations on Economies and Livelihoods in Low- to Middle-Income Countries. ARM, Envigado, PACT, Westcombe. | arm-18.pdf | responsiblemines.org/… |
| IGF-18 | 2018 | IGF (2018): Global Trends in Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM): A review of key numbers and issues. IIED/IISD, London, Winnipeg. | igf-18.pdf | iisd.org/… |
| GMA-18 | 2018 | UNEP (2018): Global Mercury Assessment 2018. Technical Background Report E-Annex. Chapter 3.2. UNEP, Geneva. | gma-18.pdf | wedocs.unep.org/… |
| UBC-14 | 2014 | Seccatore, J., Veiga, M., et al. (Univ. of British Columbia - UBC) (2014): An estimation of the artisanal small-scale production of gold in the world. Scitotenv. 496. | ubc-14.pdf | doi.org/… |
| SPDA-14 | 2014 | Heck, C., coord. (2014): La realidad de la minería ilegal en países amazónicos. SPDA. Lima. | spda-14.pdf | spda.org.pe/… |
| IIED-13 | 2013 | Buxton, A. (2013): Responding to the challenge of artisanal and small-scale mining. How can knowledge networks help? IIED, London. | iied-13.pdf | pubs.iied.org/… |
| MMSD-03 | 2003 | Hentschel, T., Hruschka, F., Priester, M. (2003): Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining - Challenges and Opportunities. MMSD (IIED), London. | mmsd-03.pdf | pubs.iied.org/… |
| ILO-99 | 1999 | Jennings, N. (1999): Social and labour issues in small-scale mines. Report for discussion at the Tripartite Meeting on Social and Labour Issues in Small-scale Mines. ILO, Geneva. | ilo-99.pdf | ilo.org/… |
Further Materials
Videos:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLC233E625A7EFAFCA
Articles:
| ASM DATA - Country Database Record | |
|---|---|
| Country Code | BRA |
| Country | Brazil |
| ASM Status | Existing (data assessed) |
| Country Count | 1 |
| Data year | 2014 |
| Publ. year | 2014 |
| ASM Miners | 850,000 |
| - gold | 600 ,000 |
| Data curation | extrapolated |
| Inc. DevMin | no |
| - min. | 650,000 |
| - max. | 1,050,000 |
| - female | 130 ,000 |
| ASM Commodities | gold, gemstone, diamond |